高考改革需要更加重视科学学科

柯政

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2018.03.002

高考改革需要更加重视科学学科

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2018.03.002

柯政

华东师范大学课程与教学研究所, 上海 200062

基金项目:

国家社科基金教育学重大招标课题"适应新高考要求的普通高中学业水平考试与综合素质评价实施策略研究" VHA150003

计量
- 文章访问数: 348
- HTML全文浏览量: 264
- PDF下载量: 441
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2018-05-20

More Emphasis on Science Subjects in Gaokao Reform

KE Zheng

Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

摘要

摘要: 在之前的高考制度体系中，物理、化学等科学学科事实上有着很高的学科地位。但在这次新高考改革之后，科学学科的地位大幅削弱。这是一个需要引起我们高度关注的大问题，我们还没有发展到可以不重视科学学科的时候。报考科学学科的人数比例明显下滑，主要的原因不是实施了选考制度，而是因为不科学的计分制度导致报考科学学科的学生遭受不公平。为解决这个问题，各方提出了多种解决方案，本文对各备择方案的主要利弊进行分析，并提出在当前高考制度中，解决这个问题必须抓住的三个关键问题。
- 高考改革 /
- 科学学科 /
- 计分制度 /
- 选考制度
Abstract: Some science subjects like physics and chemistry, played an important role in China's early Gaokao system. However, in new Gaokao, the importance of science subjects has been greatly weakened, which has become a great concern. It's understood that China's development has a lot to do with science education. Nowadays, the number of registered students for science examination has decreased significantly. The main reason is that unscientific scoring methods have put those students at a disadvantage. Solutions to this problem are sought by different stake-holders. Based on its analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these solutions, this paper argues that, considering the current Gaokao's policy framework, three measures should be taken to solve this problem.
- Gaokao reform /
- science subject /
- scoring methods /
- optional examination subject

HTML全文

表 1 江苏省2003-2007年主要选考科目组合的人数比例

	物化	物生	政史	史地	理科(2组总和)	文科(2组总和)	总占比
2003	35.16%	23.42%	34.81%	2.18%	58.58%	36.99%	95.57%
2004	41.35%	23.81%	29.90%	2.10%	65.16%	32.00%	97.16%
2005	43.18%	21.14%	28.67%	4.40%	64.32%	33.07%	97.40%
2006	41.00%	15.17%	33.95%	8.88%	56.17%	42.83%	99.00%
2007	37.11%	12.79%	38.13%	10.65%	49.90%	48.78%	98.68%

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 2008-2016年主要选考科目组合的人数比例

	物化	物生	政史	史地	理科(2组总和)	文科(2组总和)	4组占总数比例
2008	34.55%	20.03%	29.47%	14.55%	54.58%	44.02%	98.60%
2009	33.10%	20.82%	28.44%	13.96%	53.92%	42.40%	96.32%
2010	25.61%	21.83%	27.44%	16.62%	47.44%	44.06%	91.50%
2011	28.63%	27.56%	25.79%	13.34%	56.19%	39.13%	95.32%
2012	31.79%	29.01%	22.74%	10.80%	60.80%	33.54%	94.34%
2013	32.21%	30.69%	22.38%	9.04%	62.90%	31.43%	94.33%
2014	30.79%	31.21%	23.75%	8.69%	62.00%	32.44%	94.43%
2015	29.84%	30.96%	25.45%	8.46%	60.80%	33.91%	94.71%
2016	27.48%	32.01%	24.91%	9.04%	59.49%	33.95%	93.44%

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(8)

[1]	董少校. (2015-02-04). 本科高校2017年高考选考科目要求公布, 655个专业无要求, ——上海高考, 学生有了更多选择权. 中国教育报, (1).
[2]	彭德倩. (2017-10-18). 选考物理真的会吃亏吗?考试院院长直面回应新高考新议题. 取自上观新闻: http://www.jfdaily.com/news/detail?id=68450.
[3]	搜狐教育. (2016-12-06). 物理选考人数骤降, 高中和大学这回真地着急了. 取自: http://www.sohu.com/a/120812272_559574.
[4]	索洛. (1988). 增长理论: 一种说明(王恩冕, 沈晓明译). 北京: 华夏出版社.
[5]	央广新闻. (2016-05-10). 详解十三五: 科技进步贡献率有望快速提升. 取自: http://china.cnr.cn/ygxw/20160510/t20160510_522100581.shtml.
[6]	周绍森, 胡德龙.(2010).科技进步对经济增长贡献率研究.中国软科学, (2), 34-39. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=zgrk201002006&dbname=CJFD&dbcode=CJFQ
[7]	Dunn, W.N. (2004). Public policy analysis:An introduction (3rd edition). New Jersey:Pearson Prentice Hall.
[8]	Fischer, F.(2003). Reframing public policy:Discursive Politics and Deliberative Practices. Oxford:Oxford University Press.