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儿童早期发展项目:拉丁美洲的实践和政策推广

[西班牙]诺伯特·斯查迪(Norbort Schady) 贤悦 王蕾 白钰

[西班牙]诺伯特·斯查迪(Norbort Schady), 贤悦, 王蕾, 白钰. 儿童早期发展项目:拉丁美洲的实践和政策推广[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2019, 37(3): 149-156. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.03.013
引用本文: [西班牙]诺伯特·斯查迪(Norbort Schady), 贤悦, 王蕾, 白钰. 儿童早期发展项目:拉丁美洲的实践和政策推广[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2019, 37(3): 149-156. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.03.013
Norbort Schady, Xian Yue, Wang Lei, Bai Yu. Early Childhood Development Program: Practice and Policy Promotion in Latin America[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Educational Sciences), 2019, 37(3): 149-156. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.03.013
Citation: Norbort Schady, Xian Yue, Wang Lei, Bai Yu. Early Childhood Development Program: Practice and Policy Promotion in Latin America[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Educational Sciences), 2019, 37(3): 149-156. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.03.013

儿童早期发展项目:拉丁美洲的实践和政策推广

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.03.013
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 71703084

高等学校学科创新引智计划 B16031

详细信息
    作者简介:

    [西班牙]诺伯特·斯查迪(Norbort Schady):诺伯特·斯查迪(Norbort Schady)拥有耶鲁大学学士学位和普林斯顿大学博士学位,目前任美洲开发银行(IDB)社会投资部的首席经济顾问,曾任职于世界银行、联合国儿童基金会、乔治敦大学和普林斯顿大学,主要研究领域包括儿童早期发展、现金转移计划以及经济危机对人力资本积累的影响

    通讯作者:

    王蕾

Early Childhood Development Program: Practice and Policy Promotion in Latin America

  • 摘要: 个体生命的最初1000天是大脑发育的关键时期,同时也是人的一生中人口资本投资回报率最高的时期。在拉丁美洲国家如墨西哥和秘鲁,尽管儿童的健康和营养状况已经得到较大改善,但其在认知、语言、社会情感方面仍未得到充分发展,儿童早期发展滞后情况仍然比较严重。为了解决这个问题,拉丁美洲国家在儿童早期发展领域不断进行尝试,通过家访计划等项目改变照养人的养育行为,从而改善儿童早期发展滞后问题。通过介绍拉丁美洲国家儿童早期发展项目的试点(牙买加项目)及其政策推广(秘鲁SAF项目),并用科学的影响评估方法测量项目效果及存在的问题,为中国政府在儿童早期发展领域的实践提供借鉴,希望能够加大国家在儿童早期发展领域的投入,推广解决中国农村贫困地区儿童早期发展问题的政策,共同促进儿童早期的全面发展,提高国家人力资本实力,促进经济发展。
  • 图  1  拉丁美洲国家儿童慢性营养不良的占比

    数据来源:根据该地区人口与健康调查自行计算

    图  2  秘鲁新生儿死亡率

    数据来源:根据该地区人口与健康调查自行计算

    图  3  墨西哥普罗斯佩拉12—59月龄儿童的语言发展情况

    数据来源:2018年墨西哥国家健康营养调查(普罗斯佩拉地区)

    图  4  4岁的发展水平可以预测13岁时的教育水平

    数据来源: Araujo, Rubio-Codina and Schady (2018)

    图  5  SAF项目的评估效果

    数据来源:“SAF”项目

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  • 刊出日期:  2019-05-20

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