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教育精准扶贫:中国农村学生近视问题研究及防控政策建议

赵锦 王欢 关宏宇 史耀疆 李怡臻 [美]罗思高(Scott Rozelle)

赵锦, 王欢, 关宏宇, 史耀疆, 李怡臻, [美]罗思高(Scott Rozelle). 教育精准扶贫:中国农村学生近视问题研究及防控政策建议[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2020, 38(3): 117-125. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.03.011
引用本文: 赵锦, 王欢, 关宏宇, 史耀疆, 李怡臻, [美]罗思高(Scott Rozelle). 教育精准扶贫:中国农村学生近视问题研究及防控政策建议[J]. 华东师范大学学报(教育科学版), 2020, 38(3): 117-125. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.03.011
Zhao Jin, Wang Huan, Guan Hongyu, Shi Yaojiang, Robin Li, Scott Rozelle. Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Education: A Study of Myopia Among Rural Students in China and Prevention and Control Policy Recommendations[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Educational Sciences), 2020, 38(3): 117-125. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.03.011
Citation: Zhao Jin, Wang Huan, Guan Hongyu, Shi Yaojiang, Robin Li, Scott Rozelle. Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Education: A Study of Myopia Among Rural Students in China and Prevention and Control Policy Recommendations[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Educational Sciences), 2020, 38(3): 117-125. doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.03.011

教育精准扶贫:中国农村学生近视问题研究及防控政策建议

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.03.011
基金项目: 教育部和国家外专局高等学校学科创新引智计划“西部贫困地区农村人力资本培育智库建设创新引智基地”(B16031);陕西师范大学研究生创新基金资助项目“教师激励干预对学生寻求视力保护行为的影响—基于一项随机干预实验”(2018CBWY003);国家自然科学基金资助项目“农村儿童视力健康服务寻求行为干预策略与评估:基于随机干预实验的研究”(71803107)

Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Education: A Study of Myopia Among Rural Students in China and Prevention and Control Policy Recommendations

  • 摘要: 关注农村地区儿童青少年视力健康是国家“教育精准扶贫”和“健康精准扶贫”的双需求,该研究通过对我国农村学生近视问题进行综述分析,为国家青少年近视防控教育精准扶贫工作提供具有研究基础的政策建议。梳理现有的研究发现:约有25%的农村小学生和50%的农村中学生患有近视。更为严重的是超过70%的农村近视学生尚未得到视力矫正,这会对学生学习和成长产生严重的负面影响。通过对解决农村学生近视问题的相关行动研究的整理发现:视力筛查是低成本识别出近视问题的有效途径;为学生提供配镜补贴和对教师提供激励等措施可以显著提高学生戴镜率;矫正近视问题可以有效提高农村学生的学习成绩和改善学生心理健康状况。通过地方政府协调县级教育和医疗资源共同合作的视光中心模式,可以有效弥补农村学生视力保健服务缺失的问题,加强对农村学生视力问题的预防和控制以有效解决农村学生近视问题。
  • 表  1  农村学生近视发生率

    样本来源
    (省)
    样本学校
    数量(所)
    样本
    特征
    样本
    范围
    样本量(人)调查时间(年)近视发生率(%)
    Glewwe et al.,2016 甘肃 256 4—6年级 小学生 28798 2003—2004 14
    Yi et al.,2015 陕西、甘肃 253 4—5年级 小学生 19977 2012—2013 24
    Nie et al.,2018 陕西 31 7—8年级 初中生 1974 2013—2014 50
    华文娟等,2013 江西等中部六省 1—6年级
    7—9年级
    小学生
    中学生
    21270
    10635
    2005—2010 42
    53
    He et al.,2004 广州 71 5—15岁 幼儿及中小学生 5053 2002—2003 22
    He et al.,2007 广州 13 13岁 初中生 2400 2005 37
    17岁 高中生 54
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  农村学生近视发生率的主要相关因素

    特征分类相关因素相关性分析结果:哪一类学生更易患有视力问题?
    关宏宇等,2018;zhou et al.,2014 个人特征 性别、年级、是否住校、父母受教育水平、数学成绩、父母眼镜配戴率 女生,更高年级的学生,非住校生,数学成绩更高,父母眼镜配戴率高及父母文化程度在农村初中以上的学生
    朱建华,2012Morgan et al.,2005He et al.,2009 社会经济特征 营养状况、家庭经济状况、地区所在纬度 营养状况越差,家庭经济状况越富裕,地区纬度越高
    宋乃庆等,2014Morgan et al.,2005 用眼习惯特征 电子产品使用频率、睡眠是否充足、户外活动时间 电子产品使用越多,睡眠不足,户外活动越少
    下载: 导出CSV
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