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摘要: 专长研究的早期结论已揭示出领域专家比新手更具优势的胜任力, 亦证实大量结构化的知识在背后起着支配作用。然而, 结构化知识乃至优势胜任力的获得, 不能单从认知这一角度进行考量, 其也受到情感及意动特质的影响, 可用具有领域限制的并涵盖认知、情感和意动成分的“特质联合体”理解不同领域的专长获得, 而智力处于“特质联合体”之下起着基础性作用。智力、特质联合体及知识结构构成获得专长的聪慧的“投资”结构。
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