进化而来的心理是功能还是结构

基金项目:

教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目 11YJA190009

Is the Mind Shaped by Evolution a Function or a Structure

1.
School of Applied Foreign Language, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shengzhen 518055
2.
The School of Sociology and Psychology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041

摘要: 对“自然选择选择了什么”这个问题的理解偏差成为了进化心理学解释“心理”意义的理论障碍。现代遗传学认为，自然选择通过保存和积累各种变异塑造了生物的基因型。基因型并不等同于生物体的物质形态，而是生物与环境的互动模式。通过分析有机体与环境的互动过程，可以发现：(一)有机体的功能在逻辑上先于其生理结构；(二)有机体是通过功能而不是结构来适应环境。因此可以说：自然选择塑造了功能。
- 进化心理学 /
- 自然选择 /
- 基因型 /
- 功能
Abstract: "What does the process of natural selection select?" The wrong answer of this question will obstruct the process by which Evolutionary Psychology explains the implication of mind. Modern genetics argues that the natural selection process shapes the genotype. Genotype does not mean the material structure of organism but their response model toward the environment. This article aims to analyze the interactive process between the organism and the environment. It suggests and demonstrates two propositions: (1) The function of an organism pre-exists the physical structure of organism logically; (2) An organism adapts to the environment by its function rather than its structure. In concluding, the natural selection selects the function of an organism.
- Evolutionary Psychology /
- Natural Selection /
- Genotype /
- Function

[1]	巴斯. (2007). 进化心理学: 心理的新科学(熊哲宏, 张勇, 宴倩译), 上海: 华东师范大学出版社, 34.
[2]	达尔文. (2005). 物种起源(周建人, 叶笃庄, 方宗熙译). 北京: 商务印书馆.
[3]	赫尔曼·哈肯. (2005). 协同学, 大自然构成的奥秘(凌复华译). 上海: 上海世纪出版集团, 53.
[4]	蒋柯, 熊哲宏, 胡瑜. (2009).自然选择理论在行为研究中的核心概念辨析.自然辩证法研究, 25(5). http://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/7d32d9126bd97f192279e940.html
[5]	张增一. (2003).达尔文的方法论与进化论争论.自然辩证法研究, 19(2). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZRBZ200302001.htm
[6]	张雷. (2007).进化心理学.广州:广东高等教育出版社, 27—35.
[7]	McDougall, W. (1928). An outline of psychology. London: Methuen & CO. LTD., 36. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA51848762