21世纪以来美国教育史学科新进展
On the Current Development of American Discipline of Educational History in the 21th Century
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摘要: 21世纪以来的美国教育史学科在诸多方面都取得了新进展。学科新趋势在教育史学会开展的学术活动、《教育史季刊》以及各个大学的教育史教学中都有所体现。总体而言,近年来美国教育史学科具有以下特征和趋势:第一,教育史研究范围宽泛,主题细致;第二,少数族裔和女性教育史问题备受关注,且正在深化转型;第三,积极开展跨学科合作;第四,将教育史研究与教育政策联系起来。1) Richard Altenbaugh, “Editor’s Farewell”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 46, no. 2 (2006), pp. 155-158.2) Call for Papers, History of Education Society, 2010 Annual Meeting, http://www.historyofeducation.org/2010/callforpapers.html, 2010-5-30.3) N. Ray Hiner, “History of Education for the 1990s and Beyond: The Case for Academic Imperialism”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 2(1990), p. 139.4) 有关此次会议的情况,参看Rubén Donato and Marvin Lazerson, “New Directions in American Educational History: Problems and Prospects”, Educational Researcher, vol. 29, no. 8(2000), pp. 4-15.5) Les Goodchild and John Spencer, Teaching the History of Education: A National Report on Its Decline and How We Can Revive It, History of Education Society 50th Annual Meeting, November 6, 2010.6) 教育史学者协会原名为中西部教育史学会(Midwest History of Education Society),创立于1964年,于2008年12月更改为现用名,经常在伊利诺伊州的芝加哥市举行年会。该组织自2002年起创办《美国教育史杂志》(American History of Education Journal)。南部教育史学会创建于20世纪70年代初,时常在佐治亚州的亚特兰大市举办会议。另外,在文中所述四个教育史研究专业学会之外,美国西海岸的学者还曾于20世纪70年代末组建了太平洋沿岸教育史学会(Pacific Coast History of Education Society),该组织目前已经停办。有关美国教育史研究专业组织的情况,参看Wayne Urban, “The Word from a Walrus: Five Decades of the History of Education Society”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 50, no. 4(2010), pp. 439-442.7) Wayne Urban, “The Word from a Walrus: Five Decades of the History of Education Society”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 50, no. 4(2010), p. 454.8) John Rury, “The Curious Status of the History of Education: A Parallel Perspective”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 46, no. 4(2006), pp. 590-591.以及Rubén Donato and Marvin Lazerson, “New Directions in American Educational History: Problems and Prospects”, Educational Researcher, vol. 29, no. 8(2000), p. 4.9) H-Education讨论组网址:http://www.h-net.org/~educ, 2011-3-17.10) William Reese and John Rury, “Introduction: An Evolving and Expanding Field of Study, ” in William Reese and John Rury (eds). Rethinking the History of American Education, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, pp. 1-2.11) 有关哥伦比亚大学教师学院的教育史课程体系,参看:http://www.tc.edu/a%26h/history-ed,2011-3-17.12) Margaret Nash, “The Historiography of Education for Girls and Women in the United States, ” in William Reese and John Rury (eds.), Rethinking the History of American Education. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, pp. 144-154.以及Linda Eisenmann, “Creating a Framework for Interpreting US’s Women’s Educational History: Lessons from Historical Lexicography”. History of Education, vol. 30, no. 5(2001), pp. 453-470.13) John Rury, “The Curious Status of the History of Education: A Parallel Perspective”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 46, no. 4(2006), pp. 571-573.14) Eileen Tamura, “Asian Americans in the History of Education: A Historiographical Essay”, History of Education Quarterly, vol. 41, no. 1(2001), p. 71.15) 本研究考察的美国大学有哥伦比亚大学、哈佛大学、斯坦福大学、密歇根大学、威斯康辛大学-麦迪逊分校、纽约大学和堪萨斯大学。16) 美国教育史学会网址:http://www.historyofeducation.org, 2011-3-17.17) William Reese, and John Rury, “Epilogue: New Directions in the History of Education, ” in William Reese and John Rury (eds.), Rethinking the History of American Education. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, p. 285.
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表 1 2001-2010年《教育史季刊》刊登文章数(单位:篇)
年份 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 总数 数量 19 19 22 19 28 19 19 16 21 15 197