基于问题的学习在中小的应用

刘儒德

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2002.01.003

基于问题的学习在中小的应用

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2002.01.003

刘儒德

北京师范大学心理学院，北京 100875

①H.S. Barrows & A. C. Kelson(1995). Prblem-based leaming in secondary education and the Problem- Based Leming Institute(Mono- graph 1). Springfield lL: Problem- Based Learning Institute.
② J R. Savery & T. M. Dufy(1993). Problem-based leaming: An Instructional model and its constnuctivist framework. In T. M. Dufy, J. Lowyck, D. H.Jonassen, & T. M. Welsh. (Eds.). Designing Environments for Constnuctive Learming. Springer- Verlag Berlin Herdelberg.
③ C. E. Hmelo & M. Ferrari(1997).The Problem-base leaming tutortial; Culivating higher order thinking sil. Joumal for the FEduca- tion of the Gifted, Vol.20(4), pp401 - 422.
④ C. Beriter & M. Scardermalia(1996, August September). Beyond Bloom's taxonomny : Rethinking knowledge for the knowledge age. Pa- per presented at the Piaget Centennial Conference, “The Growing Mind”, Geneva, Switzerland.
⑤[美]杜威著, 姜文闵译《我们怎样思维.经验与教育》, 人民教育出版社, 1991年, 1-3.
⑥ L. B. Resnick(1987)Education and leamning to think. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
⑦ 杨雄里{探索脑的奥秘》, 上海科技教育出版社, 1999年, 第65页。
⑧ T. D. Koschmann, A. C. Myers, P.J. Feltovich & H. S. Barrows(1994) Using technology to sists in realizing ffective leaming and in- struction; A principled approach to the use of computers in collaborative leaming. Joumal of the Leaming Sciences, 3, 225 - 262.
⑨ R. H. Spiro, P.J. Feltovich, M. J. Jacobson & R. L. Coulson(1995). Cognitive flexibility, constnuctivism, and hypertext: Random aC- cess instruction for advanced knowledge acquisition in ill - structured domains. In L. P. Steffe & J. Gale(Eds.). Constructivism in education. Hillsdale, , New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
⑩ R. Delisle(1997). How to Use Probblem Based Leaming in the Classroom. Alexandnia, VA: Association for Supervision and Curiculum Development.
⑪ Htp://www. imsa_ team_ cpb1 \ www. unsa. edy \ team \ cpb1 \ center. html
⑫ R. F. Dods(1997). An action research study of the efctiveness of problem-based leaming in prornoting the acquisition and retention of knowledge. Joumal for the Education of the Gifted, 20, 423 - 437.
⑬ A. D. Gertznan & J. L. Kolodener(1996).A case study of problem -based leaming in middle school science clasroom: Lesgons learned. In D. C. Edelson & E. A. Domehek(Eds.), Proceedings of Intemational Conference of the Leaming Sciences 96(p.91098). Char- ltteville, BA : Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.
⑭ G. Salornon & D. N. Perkins(1989). Rocky roads to transfer: Rethinking mechanism of a neglected phenomenon. Educational Psychol- ogist, 24, 113- 142.
⑮ A. D. Gertzman & J. L. Kolodner(1996). A case study of problem-based leaming in a middle sechool science classroom; Lessons leamed. In D. C. Edelson & E. A. Domeshek(Eds.), Proceedings of lntemational Conference of the Leaming Sciences 96(pp. 91098). Char- ltteville, BA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2001-02-01
- 刊出日期: 2002-03-01

摘要

摘要: 摘要基于问题学习模式集中体现了建构主义学习和教学理念，在中小学加以应用时，教育者要注意:①其学习目标重在促使学习建构灵活的知识基础、发展高层次思维能力、成为自主(或自我调节)的学习者与有效的合作者; ②所采用的问题要与系统的学科知识相平衡; ③其学习评价要内容多元化、形式多样化，以便有效地考察学生的收获和进步; ④教师的指导作用要适时、适量，并随学生的进步而逐渐消退。
- 基于问题学习 /
- 建构主义 /
- 中小学
注释:

1) ①H.S. Barrows & A. C. Kelson(1995). Prblem-based leaming in secondary education and the Problem- Based Leming Institute(Mono- graph 1). Springfield lL: Problem- Based Learning Institute.

2) ② J R. Savery & T. M. Dufy(1993). Problem-based leaming: An Instructional model and its constnuctivist framework. In T. M. Dufy, J. Lowyck, D. H.Jonassen, & T. M. Welsh. (Eds.). Designing Environments for Constnuctive Learming. Springer- Verlag Berlin Herdelberg.

3) ③ C. E. Hmelo & M. Ferrari(1997).The Problem-base leaming tutortial; Culivating higher order thinking sil. Joumal for the FEduca- tion of the Gifted, Vol.20(4), pp401 - 422.

4) ④ C. Beriter & M. Scardermalia(1996, August September). Beyond Bloom's taxonomny : Rethinking knowledge for the knowledge age. Pa- per presented at the Piaget Centennial Conference, “The Growing Mind”, Geneva, Switzerland.

5) ⑤[美]杜威著, 姜文闵译《我们怎样思维.经验与教育》, 人民教育出版社, 1991年, 1-3.

6) ⑥ L. B. Resnick(1987)Education and leamning to think. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

7) ⑦ 杨雄里{探索脑的奥秘》, 上海科技教育出版社, 1999年, 第65页。

8) ⑧ T. D. Koschmann, A. C. Myers, P.J. Feltovich & H. S. Barrows(1994) Using technology to sists in realizing ffective leaming and in- struction; A principled approach to the use of computers in collaborative leaming. Joumal of the Leaming Sciences, 3, 225 - 262.

9) ⑨ R. H. Spiro, P.J. Feltovich, M. J. Jacobson & R. L. Coulson(1995). Cognitive flexibility, constnuctivism, and hypertext: Random aC- cess instruction for advanced knowledge acquisition in ill - structured domains. In L. P. Steffe & J. Gale(Eds.). Constructivism in education. Hillsdale, , New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

10) ⑩ R. Delisle(1997). How to Use Probblem Based Leaming in the Classroom. Alexandnia, VA: Association for Supervision and Curiculum Development.

11) ⑪ Htp://www. imsa_ team_ cpb1 \ www. unsa. edy \ team \ cpb1 \ center. html

12) ⑫ R. F. Dods(1997). An action research study of the efctiveness of problem-based leaming in prornoting the acquisition and retention of knowledge. Joumal for the Education of the Gifted, 20, 423 - 437.

13) ⑬ A. D. Gertznan & J. L. Kolodener(1996).A case study of problem -based leaming in middle school science clasroom: Lesgons learned. In D. C. Edelson & E. A. Domehek(Eds.), Proceedings of Intemational Conference of the Leaming Sciences 96(p.91098). Char- ltteville, BA : Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.

14) ⑭ G. Salornon & D. N. Perkins(1989). Rocky roads to transfer: Rethinking mechanism of a neglected phenomenon. Educational Psychol- ogist, 24, 113- 142.

15) ⑮ A. D. Gertzman & J. L. Kolodner(1996). A case study of problem-based leaming in a middle sechool science classroom; Lessons leamed. In D. C. Edelson & E. A. Domeshek(Eds.), Proceedings of lntemational Conference of the Leaming Sciences 96(pp. 91098). Char- ltteville, BA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education.