-
摘要: 针对人类算术能力的本质与起源问题, 近年来, Dehaene等提出的“神经元复用”理论认为人类的数能力依赖于大脑中预存的神经回路, 这种回路的可变性使其预存的倾向性发生变化, 从而可以表征数字的近似量, 并能够进行精确的数学计算。本文简要介绍了在该理论基础上提出的认知模型———三重编码模型和相应的神经模块理论———顶叶三回路共存说以及相关的比较心理学和发展心理学方面的经验证据, 并对该理论存在的问题予以评析。
-
关键词:
- 数能力 /
- 模块性“神经元复用” /
- 理论 /
- 三重编码模型 /
- 顶叶三回路共存说
1) S.Dehaene.The Number Sense:Howthe Mind Creates Mathematics.NewYork:Oxford University Press, 1997. ((1)) S.Dehaene.The Number Sense:Howthe Mind Creates Mathematics.NewYork:Oxford University Press, 1997.2) S.Dehaene, M.Piazza, P.Pinel, & L.Cohen.Three parietal circuits for number processing.Cognitive Neuropsychology, 2003, 20:487-506.3) S.Dehaene.Varieties of numerical abilities.Cognition, 1992, 44:1-42.4) 张红川、董奇:《数学认知能力的认知与脑机制理论模型综述》, 《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》, 2002年第2期。5) E.S.Spelke, & S.Tsivkin.Language and number:Abilingual training study.Cognition, 2001, 78:45-88.6) K.M.Lee, & S.Y.Kang.Arithmetic operation and working memory:Differential suppressionin dual tasks.Cognition, 2002, 83:B63-B68.7) S.Dehaene, E.Spelke, P.Pinel, R.Stanescu, & S.Tsivkin.Sources of mathematical thinking:behavioral and brain-imag-ing evidence.Science, 1999, 284(5416):970-974.9) M.Thioux, M.Pesenti, A.De Volder, & X.Seron.Category-specific representation and processing of numbers and animal names across semantic tasks:APETstudy.NeuroImage, 2002, 13:(6suppl.2/2), S617.10) S.Dehaene. Electrophysiological evidence for category-specific word processinginthe normal human brain.NeuroReport, 1995, 6:2153-2157.11) L.Naccache, & S.Dehaene.The priming method:Imaging unconscious repetition priming reveals an abstract representation of number inthe parietal lobes.Cerebral Cortex, 2001, 11:966-974.12) 南云、罗跃嘉:《数字加工的认知神经基础》, 《心理科学进展》, 2003年第3期。13) O.Simon, J.F.Mangin, L.Cohen, D.Le Bihan, & S.Dehaene.Topographical layout of hand, eye, calculation, andlan-guage-related areas inthe human parietal lobe.Neuron, 2002, 33(3):475-487.14) S.Dehaene, & L.Cohen.Cerebral pathwaysfor calculation:Double dissociation betweenrote verbal and quantitative knowledge of arithmetic.Cortex, 1997, 33:219-250.15) H.Duffau, D.Denvil, M.Lopes, F.Gasparini, L.Cohen, L.Capelle, et al.Intraoperative mappingof the cortical areasin-volvedin multiplication and subtraction:An electrostimulation studyin a patient with a left parietal glioma.Journal of Neurology, Neuro-surgery, and Psychiatry, 2002, 73:733-738.16) 南云、罗跃嘉:《数字加工的认知神经基础》, 《心理科学进展》, 2003年第3期。17) 刘超、买晓琴、傅小兰:《不同注意条件下的空间—数字反应编码联合效应》, 《心理学报》, 2004年第6期。18) 徐晓东、刘昌:《数字的空间特性》, 《心理科学进展》, 2006年第6期。19) S.Dehaene, N.Molko, L.Cohen, & A.J.Wilson.Arithmetic andthe brain.Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2004, 14:218-224.20) A.Nieder, D.J.Freedman, & E.K.Miller.Representation of the quantity of visual itemsinthe primate prefrontal cortex.Sci-ence, 2002, 297(5587):1708-1711.21) E.M.Brannon, & H.S.Terrace.Ordering of the numerosities1to9by monkeys.Science, 1998, 282(5389):746-749.22) M.Piazza, V.Izard, P.Pinel, D.Le Bihan, & S.Dehaene.Tuning Curves for Approximate Numerosity in the Human Intra-parietal Sulcus.Neuron, 2004, 44(28):547-555.23) F.Xu, E.S.Spelke, S.Elizabeth, & S.Goddard.Number sense in human infants.Developmental Science, 2005, 8(1):88-10124) 张真、苏彦捷:《人类数能力的演化基础-数能力比较研究的启示》, 《心理科学进展》, 2007年第1期。25) B.Hermelin, & N.O’Connor.Factors and primes:a specific numerical ability.Psychological Medicine, 1990, 20:163169.26) M.Rossor, E.Warrington, & L.Cipolotti.The isolation of calculation skills.Journal of Neurology, 1995, 242:7881.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 106
- HTML全文浏览量: 148
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0