Abstract: Research on resilience in the behavioral sciences emerged around the 1970s and has attracted more and more attention in western countries. However, the psychologists in China did not begin to study it until the 2000s. This paper offers a review of the literature on resilience since the 2000s. There are different definitions of resilience and terminology in western countries, but the Chinese translations of resilience are not consistent. The research focus in China has its own characteristics. The researches mainly focus on migrant children, left-behind children and earthquake-stricken children. While borrowing foreign instruments, the researchers have also devised localized scales. Individuals, family, school and society are the main factors influencing the development of children's resilience. However, the related systematic interventions in China are not yet in place. Future study needs to clarify the definition of resilience by theoretical construction, and focus local designs, research subjects and contents, as well as systematic interventions.