Study on the Relationship between Academic Procrastination and Academic Self-efficacy of Junior Middle School Students
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摘要: 为研究初中生学业拖延与学业自我效能感之间的关系，以学业拖延问卷和学业自我效能感量表为研究工具，对随机整群抽取出的459名初中生进行了调查研究。结果发现：(1)初中生学业拖延处于中等水平以下；(2)学业行为自我效能感得分高于学业能力自我效能感得分；(3)学业拖延与学业自我效能感之间存在显著的负相关；(4)学业能力自我效能感在执行不足和计划缺乏主效应上差异显著；(5)学业行为自我效能感在学业拖延4个因子主效应上差异显著。结论：(1)初中生学业拖延总体情况较好；(2)学业行为自我效能感优于学业能力自我效能感；(3)学业拖延越高学业自我效能感越低；(4)学业能力自我效能感受执行不足和计划缺乏影响；(5)学业行为自我效能感受学业拖延4因子影响。Abstract: Study on the relationship between academic procrastination and academic self-efficacy of junior middle school students will not only help better understand the influence mechanism but also help improve the learning and mental health of junior middle school students. Using Academic Procrastination Questionnaire for Junior Middle School Students and Academic Self-efficacy Questionnaire, along with cluster random sampling, this study selected 500 junior middle school students from two junior middle schools in X City. The findings reveal that: first, as a whole, the academic procrastination among junior middle school students was below average level. Academic procrastination among junior middle school students is characterized by their low performance, slow learning behavior, and lack of learning plans, as well as the least possibilities of bad state of learning. Second, their learning behavior self-efficacy was superior to their learning ability self-efficacy. Third, there was significant negative correlation between academic procrastination and academic self-efficacy. Fourth, in self-efficacy to learning ability (SELA), two main factor effects were significant, lack of implementation plans and inadequate implementation, and in case of inadequate implementation, the lack of planning and the poor state of interaction were significant. Fifth, four main factor effects of academic procrastination were significantly different in self-efficacy to learning behavior (SELB). There were significant differences in interaction between inadequate implementation and lack of planning, inadequate implementation and poor performance, lack of planning and behavior of hysteresis, lack of planning and poor state.Conclusions drawn from this study are as follows: first, the academic procrastination of junior middle school students mainly embodied the insufficiency of learning performance and slow learning behavior. As a whole, the academic procrastination among junior middle school students was better, but special attention should be paid to the lack of learning plans. Second, learning behavior self-efficacy was superior to their learning ability self-efficacy. Third, there was significant negative correlation between the academic procrastination and academic self-efficacy. Fourth, junior high school students' SELA was mainly affected by such factors as lack of performance and lack of planning. Fifth, junior high school students' SELB was greatly influenced by the four factors and their interaction of academic procrastination.
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表 1 初中生学业拖延类型分布(%)
良好 中等 严重 非常严重 学习计划缺乏 36.82 33.33 23.10 6.75 学习状态不佳 47.49 25.27 23.75 3.49 学习行为迟滞 34.64 38.78 16.12 10.46 学习执行不足 37.47 34.86 22.22 5.45 
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表 2 初中生学业拖延与学业自我效能感的相关关系
1 2 3 4 5 1学习执行不足 2学习行为迟滞 0.520*** 3学习计划缺乏 0.612*** 0.571*** 4学习状态不佳 0.647*** 0.518*** 0.493*** 5 SELA -0.674*** -0.500*** -0.537*** -0.486*** 6 SELB -0.217*** -0.246*** -0.155** -0.270*** 0.582*** 注：*p＜0.05，**p＜0.01，***p＜0.001，下同。
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表 3 初中生学业拖延与学业自我效能感的方差分析
自变量 因变量 SS df MS F p 1学习执行不足 SELA 2.881 3 0.960 6.113 0.000 SELB 2.567 3 0.856 10.548 0.000 2学习行为迟滞 SELA 0.586 2 0.293 1.864 0.156 SELB 1.831 2 0.915 11.282 0.000 3学习计划缺乏 SELA 8.449 3 2.816 17.929 0.000 SELB 5.670 3 1.890 23.292 0.000 4学习状态不佳 SELA 1.155 3 0.385 2.451 0.063 SELB 1.451 3 0.484 5.960 0.001 1*2 SELA 0.940 2 0.470 2.991 0.051 SELB 0.267 2 0.133 1.645 0.194 1*3 SELA 0.467 2 0.234 1.487 0.227 SELB 1.034 2 0.517 6.373 0.002 1*4 SELA 0.531 5 0.106 0.676 0.642 SELB 1.481 5 0.296 3.650 0.003 2*3 SELA 0.046 2 0.023 0.148 0.863 SELB 0.564 2 0.282 3.478 0.032 2*4 SELA 0.250 3 0.083 0.530 0.662 SELB 0.502 3 0.167 2.060 0.105 3*4 SELA 0.543 3 0.181 1.152 0.328 SELB 0.676 3 0.225 2.778 0.041 1*2*3 SELA 0.052 1 0.052 0.330 0.566 SELB 0.065 1 0.065 0.798 0.372 1*2*4 SELA 0.030 1 0.030 0.193 0.661 SELB 0.035 1 0.035 0.435 0.510 1*3*4 SELA 0.923 1 0.923 5.875 0.016 SELB 0.251 1 0.251 3.094 0.079 2*3*4 SELA 0.600 2 0.300 1.909 0.150 SELB 0.068 2 0.034 0.422 0.656 1*2*3*4 SELA 0.172 1 0.172 1.095 0.296 SELB 0.024 1 0.024 0.292 0.589
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