语音类别学习:模型、方法与相关研究

邢强; 刘凯

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2017.04.012

语音类别学习:模型、方法与相关研究

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2017.04.012

邢强,
刘凯

广州大学教育学院, 广州 510006

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目"反馈对知觉类别学习影响的认知神经机制" 31571144

广东省"创新强校"工程特色创新项目"类别学习多系统转换的认知神经机制" 2014GXJK059

广东省教育厅项目"教育神经科学视野下的类别学习反馈机制研究" 2013WYXM0095

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出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2017-07-20

Speech Category Learning: Models, Methods and Researches

XING Qiang,
LIU Kai

School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

摘要

摘要: 语音类别学习是人类重要的认知机制之一，其能降低认知负荷、加快学习速度，以使人更好适应环境。双系统模型是当前语音类别学习的主要理论模型，它假设语音类别学习存在着相互竞争的两个系统，即外显学习系统和内隐学习系统；语音类别学习的研究主要针对人工语音材料和自然性的普通话材料，采用延迟反馈和及时反馈、丰富反馈和简单反馈、组合式发音和随机混合式发音等方式来探讨语音类别学习外显和内隐系统的特点。已有研究主要探究语音类别学习中工作记忆的作用，普通话分类习得和不同人群的语音类别学习特点，未来研究应注意谨慎借鉴知觉类别学习的研究成果，并可在认知研究、老年人视听问题等方面进一步加强。
- 类别学习 /
- 语音 /
- 双系统模型
Abstract: Speech category learning is one of the most important cognitive mechanisms in human beings. At present, the main theoretical model of speech category learning is the dual system model, which includes explicit hypothesis testing reflective system and implicit procedure based reflexive system. Researches in speech category learning mainly aim at the artificial auditory stimuli and natural Mandarin Chinese. They should dissociate the reflective system and reflexive system to verify the existence of dual system model. In the current study, delayed feedback and immediate feedback, full feedback and minimal feedback, blocked talkers and mixed talkers are all used to explore the characteristic of reflective system, so do reflexive system. Despite the achievements in speech category learning, it is important to note that the research findings in perceptual category learning should be initroduced in speech category learning carefully in the future research. The cognitive mechanism and learning ability of the elderly, children, bilinguals can also be further studied.
- category learning /
- speech /
- dual system model

HTML全文

图 1 (A)基于规则任务(RB)；(B)信息整合任务(Ⅱ)

(资料来源：Maddox et al., 2013)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 普通话材料两个维度的关系

(资料来源：Moddox & Chandrasekaran, 2014)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 (A)随机混合式发音 (B)组合式发音

(资料来源：Chandrasekaran, Yi , &Maddox, 2014)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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