Abstract: Distribution justice in education is an issue of how to allocate limited education resources among social groups and individuals more fairly. So far, theories on education distribution have focused more on the matter of education as scarce resource. In a closed social system, education justice depends on allocation procedure fairness, and tends to allocate education resources to those outstanding young talents. The closedness of basic social structure makes it possible to realize individuals' unique abilities bred by education. However, in an open society, attention to education resources distribution theories will meet with dual predicaments of international individual brain strain as well as education resources waste. In conclusion, based on traditional education distribution theories, it's necessary, in the open society justice environment, to introduce reflections on responsibility assignment of ability realization into distribution justice.