生物政治学视角下的教师表现力：一个全球性议题

姜添辉

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.10.001

生物政治学视角下的教师表现力：一个全球性议题

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2020.10.001

姜添辉^{1, 2}

1.
郑州大学全球化与教育政策研究中心，郑州 450001
2.
杭州师范大学教育学院，杭州 311121

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出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2020-10-20

An Analysis of Teacher Performativity as a Global Issue: A Perspective of Biopolitics

Chiang Tienhui^{1, 2}

1.
Academy of Globalization and Education Policy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
2.
School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China

摘要

摘要: 福柯的生物政治学向我们表明，现代社会的统治艺术是通过塑造社会大众的主体性，将他们转化成自我规训者。这种治理性源自市场的自由性，因为个体在自由市场能运作自我意志，实践民主意义。此种理性化自动行为产生的政治经济制度的机能，使统治的对象从社会转向所有居民。通过创建自由，能重新塑造民众的自我意识，这种关联性使新自由主义成为运作统治艺术的渠道，所以政府往往以创建自由为手段，来管理社会成员的生活形态。如此，从公共管理主义到表现管理不仅是市场逻辑的实践，也是统治技术的运作。基于此种原则，本文借用生物政治学的论点，剖析表现力这个全球性议题是如何产生与运作的，亦即分析统治技术如何运用国际竞争力创造集体责任的话语，以要求教师成为自我改善者，又如何以道德规范塑造他们的自我意识，以成为表现力的执行者。依据此路线，本文继而探讨在主体性的争夺上，教师为何与如何解读政策文本。
- 生物政治学 /
- 新自由主义 /
- 国际竞争力 /
- 主体性 /
- 表现力
Abstract: Michel Foucault invents biopolitics to illustrate how contemporary society exercises the art of governing through shaping subjects’ subjectivity. Its purpose is to transform people into self-regulators. This governmentality derives from market freedom through which social members can engage in free choices and practice democratic values. This rationalized automation embodies the mechanism of political economy that lets government change its subjects moving from society to population. Creating freedom enables the government to reshape their self-knowledge. Accordingly, neoliberalism becomes the gateway for accomplishing the art of governing. In order to administer their lifestyles, the state devotes itself to creating freedom. According to this principle, both public managerialism and performativity not only perform the ideas of free market logic but also secure the practice of governing technologies. Drawing upon biopolitics, this essay sets out to explore why performativity becomes a prevailing world issue and how it operates. Its analytical focus is how the government employs international competitiveness to broadcast the discourse of collective responsibility commanding teachers to become self-improvers. Considering the regime of performance management, it also sheds light on a related issue on how the state constitutes their self-consciousness through ethics, which turns teachers into the implementers of performativity. As self becomes the site of power struggle, this essay also explores why and how teachers enact education policies.
- biopolitics /
- neoliberalism /
- international competitiveness /
- subjectivity /
- performativity

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