证据驱动的教育政策在欧洲的发展：举措与挑战

[意] 玛塔•佩莱格里尼（Marta Pellegrini）; [意] 朱利亚诺•维瓦内（Giuliano Vivanet）

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.03.003

证据驱动的教育政策在欧洲的发展：举措与挑战

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2021.03.003

1.
佛罗伦萨大学，佛罗伦萨 50100
2.
卡利亚里大学，卡利亚里 09100

基金项目: 全国教育科学规划国家级青年课题“证据驱动理念下教育改革实验的评估研究”（课题批准号CGA190249）

①欧律狄刻网络由43个国家单位组成，源自于Erasmus+方案的所有38个国家，旨在确定欧洲的教育体制是如何组织和运作的。该网络出版关于国家教育体制的报告和关于具体专题的比较性报告。
②《让每位学生都成功法案》是美国管理基础教育的主要联邦法律，推动了具备有效性证据的方案的使用。该法案于2015年出台，代替了《不让一个孩子掉队法案》(https://www.evidenceforessa.org/)。
③在欧洲，关于学校能力的辩论始于20世纪末。
④知识被定义为“已经建立起来的、支持对某一领域或学科的理解的事实和数字、概念、思想和理论”的一种组合。技能被定义为“执行过程和使用现存知识获取结果的能力”。最后，态度被定义为“对思想、人或情境采取行动或作出反应的倾向”。
⑤被定义为“在理解社会、经济、法律和政治概念和结构以及全球发展和可持续性的基础上，作为负责任的公民并充分参与公民和社会生活的能力”。
⑥被定义为“自我反省、有效地管理时间和信息、以建设性的方式与他人合作、保持复原力、并管理自己的学习和职业的能力”。
⑦这涉及“理解和尊重在不同文化中如何通过各种艺术和其他文化形式创造性地表达和交流思想与意义”。
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出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-23

Evidence-based Policies in Education: Initiatives and Challenges in Europe

Marta Pellegrini¹,
Giuliano Vivanet²

1.
University of Florence, Florence, 50100, Italy
2.
University of Cagliari, Cagliari, 09100, Italy

摘要

摘要: 本文在欧洲范围内考察了证据驱动的教育政策的发展与进步、以及致力于证据生产和推广的组织机构。此外，还讨论了欧洲发展以证据为依据的教育政策所面临的一些最相关的挑战。本文分析了欧盟委员会和其他相关机构的官方文件。为识别欧洲教育部门发展证据文化的主要挑战与问题，文章也研究了世界范围内与证据驱动的教育相关的文献。本文有助于理解欧洲发展证据驱动的教育政策所采取的举措和面临的挑战。
- 证据驱动的政策 /
- 欧盟政策 /
- 教育体制 /
- 挑战
Abstract: This paper examines the progress of evidence-based educational policies in Europe and identifies organizations for the generation and dissemination of evidence. Further, it discusses some of the most relevant challenges facing the development of evidence-informed education policies in Europe. The paper also analyzes the official documents by the European Commission and other organizations. Literature in the field of evidence-based education worldwide is examined to identify the primary challenges and issues related to the development of a culture of evidence in Europe’s education sector. It provides a point of reference regarding the initiatives already undertaken and the challenges facing evidence-based educational policies and policymaking in Europe.
- evidence-based policy /
- European policy /
- educational system /
- challenges
注释:

1) ①欧律狄刻网络由43个国家单位组成，源自于Erasmus+方案的所有38个国家，旨在确定欧洲的教育体制是如何组织和运作的。该网络出版关于国家教育体制的报告和关于具体专题的比较性报告。

2) ②《让每位学生都成功法案》是美国管理基础教育的主要联邦法律，推动了具备有效性证据的方案的使用。该法案于2015年出台，代替了《不让一个孩子掉队法案》(https://www.evidenceforessa.org/)。

3) ③在欧洲，关于学校能力的辩论始于20世纪末。

4) ④知识被定义为“已经建立起来的、支持对某一领域或学科的理解的事实和数字、概念、思想和理论”的一种组合。技能被定义为“执行过程和使用现存知识获取结果的能力”。最后，态度被定义为“对思想、人或情境采取行动或作出反应的倾向”。

5) ⑤被定义为“在理解社会、经济、法律和政治概念和结构以及全球发展和可持续性的基础上，作为负责任的公民并充分参与公民和社会生活的能力”。

6) ⑥被定义为“自我反省、有效地管理时间和信息、以建设性的方式与他人合作、保持复原力、并管理自己的学习和职业的能力”。

7) ⑦这涉及“理解和尊重在不同文化中如何通过各种艺术和其他文化形式创造性地表达和交流思想与意义”。

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图 1 教育机构各类服务的生均总开支（2015年数据）

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参考文献(26)

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