积极心理学在我国学校教育中的实践

席居哲; 叶杨; 左志宏; 彭雅南

doi:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.06.014

积极心理学在我国学校教育中的实践

doi: 10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2019.06.014

1.
华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院, 上海 200062
2.
香港城市大学周亦卿研究生院, 香港 999077
3.
华东师范大学教育学部学前教育系, 上海 200062

基金项目:

上海市社科规划一般课题"基于间接互惠视角的青少年合作行为研究" 2017BSH004

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出版历程
- 刊出日期: 2019-11-20

Positive Psychology Applied among Schools in China

1.
School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
2.
Chow Yei Ching School of Graduate Studies, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
3.
Department of Preschool Education, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

摘要

摘要: 21世纪以来，积极心理学在西方学界的影响日盛，并对我国学校教育产生影响。国际上，积极教育的落实从类似PRP项目和施特拉斯港项目到吉朗文法学校的系统实践正稳步向前。我国这方面的理论和实践整体上呈现良好态势，然仍缺乏符合我国文化背景的积极教育操作实践框架。应用积极心理学理论于国内学校实践，其要点宜集中于积极体验、积极人格和积极的社会组织系统这三大支柱，从理论出发落到实处，以人为本；积极心理学学校实践的策略则须关注提高学生在学习过程中的主观幸福感，充分发展积极教育，同时关注教师的积极发展；其方案的落脚点包括"以‘培优’代替‘补足’的教育模式""增加社会实践和体育活动""提高教师的同理心"以及"营造积极的学校管理文化"等。营造促成积极建构的教育生态，是积极心理学在学校教育实践中的首要和核心的目标。
- 积极心理学 /
- 积极教育 /
- 积极情绪 /
- 积极人格 /
- 实践探索 /
- 积极建构
Abstract: Since the 21st century, the influence of positive psychology has been growing in western countries, as well as in China. There were not only targeted experiments such as PRP and the Strath Haven Positive Psychology Curriculum, but also structural applied programs such as GGS model in western countries. Positive psychology exerts effects on Chinese school education, but the links between theory and practice could be closer. Based on the fundamental theories of positive psychology, the authors conceived an implementation framework of positive psychology among schools in China. Firstly, the school practice of positive psychology has three points, i.e., to utilize the three pillars of positive psychology, to translate the theories into practice, and to adhere to the concept of people-oriented. Accordingly, four strategies could be put into practice, including improving students' well-being during study, promoting their intrinsic motivation of learning, fully developing positive education, and focusing on the positive development of teachers. Finally, four practical approaches should be followed, i.e., replacing the traditional fixed education with strength-focused education advocated by positive psychology and positive education, attaching more importance to students' social practice and physical exercise, fostering teachers' empathy, and constructing a positive environment of school management. The primary and critical purpose to apply positive psychology in schools is to forster an education ecosystem facilitating positive construction.
- positive psychology /
- positive education /
- positive emotion /
- positive personality /
- practical exploration /
- positive construction

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