Students' justice experience is an important factor to evaluate the fairness of school education process. This paper explores the current situation and influencing factors of students' justice experience in compulsory education, utilizing the major projects of Internal Fairness of School from the Faculty of Education of East China Normal University. Conclusions are drawn as follows. First, the overall condition of students' justice experience is at the intermediate level, while there is a big difference of students' justice experience between areas, schools, classes and individuals in the process of education. Second, background factors have a certain influence on students' justice experience, but the process factors are the core factors that influence the students' fair experience, of which equal treatment is the key factor. Finally, some suggestions are made to the government, schools and teachers in this paper.