Freedom is the necessary condition to promote students' all-round development. Regarding confucius as the representative, the curriculum in ancient Chinese Confucian private schools showed the conscious characteristics in enhancing individuals' development of spontaneousness and judgment. This feature was not only reflected in the curriculum morphology of the integration of knowledge to action, but also in the curriculum psychological structure of inward restraint, considerateness of others in one's own place, common sense of happiness. The development of consciousness through curriculum in Confucian private schools not only helps to reveal the cultural foundation of all-round development of students, but also is conducive to a deep insight into reasons why the foundation is weak.